Anderson Oliveira represented Brazil at the South American under-17 Championship in April 2005 as he helped his country qualify for the 2005 FIFA under-17 World Championshipin Peru. Brazil qualified for the 2005 FIFA under-17 World Championship by winning the South American under-17 Championship in 2005.
Brazil lost their opening game at the 2005 FIFA under-17 World Cup tournament at the hands of Gambia and they were on course to exit the tournament at the group stage against the Netherlands before skipper Anderson helped turn the fortunes of his team around. He was a major player as Brazil left the group stage to secure their place in the quarterfinals. Anderson Oliveira and Brazil saw off Korea DPR in the quarterfinals to secure their place in the semifinals.
The Brazilians reached the final of the 2005 FIFA under-17 World Cup tournament in Peru with the thrilling 4-3 win over Turkey in the semifinals. Brazil were dealt a big blow in the final meeting with Mexico when Anderson was stretched off. He played just 15 minutes of the final defeat to Mexico.
Anderson Oliveira made his senior team debut for Brazil during the 2-0 defeat to Mexico. He came on as a second half substitute for his debut against the Mexicans during the 2007 Copa America tournament. Anderson made his first start for Brazil against Chile on July 1, 2007 in a game which ended in a 3-0 win for his team. He was part of the Brazil football squad to the 2008 Summer Olympics as they could only bag silver due to the defeat to Mexico in the final.
Ex-Manchester United and FC Porto midfielder Anderson Oliveira played eight times for the Brazil senior team between 2007 and 2008 before his time with the team came to an end.